The main sources of electric power generation are mainly a non-renewable energy source, used for powering equipment’s. Annually electricity consumption in Ghana is about 6.05 Giga watt per hour.
Nowadays, demand for electricity keeps on increasing due to increase in population. This make it important to conserve energy or else it will get to a time where electricity will become limited in supply. There is the need to conserve energy to reduce the stress on few power generation sources. Lighting systems, air conditioners and fans at public places like libraries and auditoriums are normally left ON even if nobody or few people are present at the place, which result in a waste of energy.
Even though power factor correction technique can be used to control the flow of current which will avoid wasting of electrical energy, the system is not intelligent enough to put appliances OFF when nobody is occupying the place. So the energy will still be wasted no matter how the power factor technique is able to control the flow of current.
In the case where timer switches are used to predefine the running time of appliances, sometimes the purpose of using the appliance can be achieved before the predefined time. In this situation, the appliance will still work for the rest of the time even though the appliance may not be needed any more which will result in waste of electrical energy. On the other hand, there may be a situation whereby the predefine time for the running of the appliance will elapse, meanwhile the purpose of using the appliance may not be achieved, so the predefine time of the appliance need to be reset again.
Aim of the project
The objective of this project is to design and construct an intelligent energy saving system using passive infrared and light dependant resistor to conserve electrical energy in places like offices, auditoriums, libraries and homes where lighting is important.
1.4 Significance of the Project
This project will help to conserve electrical energy in places like offices, auditoriums, libraries and homes where lighting is important. When the intelligent energy saving system is installed, it will reduce the amount of energy consumption by turning on lights and air-conditions on when needed and putting them off when nobody is present.
In addition to the conservation of energy, this project is going to save money since lower energy costs will be paid by organizations.
This project will prevent organizations from paying unnecessary amount of money on energy consumption due to the negligence of some workers or students to switch OFF lights and fans after using them or when leaving the place such as library and auditorium.
The problem of load scheduling system in Ghana can be reduced since this project will prevent waste of electrical energy. The load scheduling was introduced as result of insufficient energy in the country. So if we are able to conserve energy, the frequent interrupted power supply in Ghana which causes damage to most electrical appliance can be minimized or stopped.
In addition to the above stated significance, the project will reduce environmental degradation. Energy conservation is important because consumption of nonrenewable sources has adverse effects on the environment. Specifically, our use of fossil fuels contributes to air and water pollution. For example, carbon dioxide is produced when oil, coal, and gas combust in power stations, heating systems, and car engines. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere acts as a transparent blanket that contributes to the global warming of the earth, or "greenhouse effect." It is possible that this warming trend could significantly alter our
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